o Existentialism
o Surrealism
o Franz Kafka
o Racism against Jews in Europe during the late 19th-c./early 20th-c.
If you are unable to post for whatever reason, please bring a hard copy to class next time.
Wednesday, December 14, 2011
Franz Kafka's The Metamorphosis: Background Research Findings
Research one of the following, write a summary of your findings, and post your findings here.
o Existentialism
o Surrealism
o Franz Kafka
o Racism against Jews in Europe during the late 19th-c./early 20th-c.
If you are unable to post for whatever reason, please bring a hard copy to class next time.
o Existentialism
o Surrealism
o Franz Kafka
o Racism against Jews in Europe during the late 19th-c./early 20th-c.
If you are unable to post for whatever reason, please bring a hard copy to class next time.
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The Surrealist movement began in the 1920's as an offshoot of the Dada art of the World War One era. It featured counter-intuitive juxtapositioning and intriguing manipulations of everyday phenomena such as plants and animals. Interestingly, the surrealist movement was not confined to papers. Writers took it up as a philosophy, with many of their works stemming from Freud's ideas of subliminality and psychoanalysis to create works of such startling madness that they struck chords within the deepest recesses of the human mind. Notables of the movement include Rene Magritte, Salvador Dali, and Giorgio de Chirico.
ReplyDelete-Brigid
Franz Kafka was a German language author. He wrote novels and short stories. Kafka is thought as one of the best writers of the 20th century. “Kafkaesque” is also a part of the English language. He was born into a middle class Jewish family. His two brothers died in infancy, while his three sisters died in concentration camps. Kafka did well in a German high school and also received a law degree. None of Kafka’s novels were printed during his lifetime, although he hesitantly published some of his short stories. Franz is the author of the Metamorphosis (which I thought I would mention since we’ll be reading it). One of my favorite quotes by Kafka is “You can hold yourself back from the sufferings of the world, that is something you are free to do and it accords with your nature, but perhaps this very holding back is the one suffering you could avoid.”
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka was born on July 3, 1883 and died on June 3, 1924. Kafka had two Jewish parents and was raised in Prague. Franz was born into a middle class German family. Kafka was the eldest of six children. Franz went to college in Germany and received his degree in law. Although both of his brothers died at the age of fifteen months three of his sisters lived. Franz’s sisters and family were sent to concentration camps where they perished during World War II.
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka was an influential German author. He influences German culture through his short stories and novels. Franz is considered one of the best 20th century writers. He wrote popular books such as “The Metamorphosis”.
Franz Kafka was born into a middle class, German-speaking Jewish family. He was born on July 3, 1883 in Prague, Bohemia, now known as the Czech Republic. Ever since he was a small boy, Kafka struggled to come to good terms with his father, Hermann Kafka. His father was an ill-tempered domestic tyrant. He was also very violent and said many disrespectful angry words towards his son. Franz’s mother, Julie, was the daughter of a prosperous brewer and was better educated. Kafka’s brothers died during infancy and his three sisters died in concentration camps. From 1889 to 1893, Franz attended the Deutsche Knabenschule, the boy elementary school in Prague. In 1901 he graduated from the Altsadter Gymnasium, the rigorous classics-oriented secondary school with eight grade levels. After he went to Charles Ferdinand University, where at first he decided to study chemistry but then switched to law within a period of two weeks. Kafka obtained the degree of Doctor of Law on June 18, 1906. In 1917, Kafka began to suffer from tuberculosis, which would require frequent convalescence during which his family supported him, most notably his sister Ottla. In 1920 he developed a strong relationship with a Czech journalist and writer Milena Jesenska. His tuberculosis worsened and he returned to Prague for treatment but instead died on June 3, 1924.
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka was a Jewish Czech writer who was considered one of the most influential in the twenty first century. He was born on July 3rd in 1883 in what is known as the Czech Republic. He had five younger siblings, his two brothers who died shortly after birth and three sisters who died in concentration camps. Franz father, Hermann Kafka was a businessman, and his mother Julie Kafka helped manager her husbands business in retailing. Franz went to German schools for elementary and middle school. He graduated high school from Altstadter Gymnasium. He then went to Charles Ferdinand University and studied chemistry then switched to law. He got a degree of Doctor of Law in 1906. In 1907 he started an Italian insurance company and then switched to Accident Insurance in Bohemia. He worked in that until 1922 when he retired for health reasons. In 1923 moved to Berlin and concentrated on his writing. He died on June 3, 1924 during treatment for his tuberculosis.
ReplyDeleteA cultural movement known as surrealism developed in Europe in the early 1920s. Dada activities such as public gatherings and the publication of art or literary journals brought about surrealism during World Wars I and II. This revolutionary movement, as defined by its leader André Breton, spread throughout the world, affecting the arts, literature, and politics of different cultures.
ReplyDeleteAndré Breton, Louis Aragon, and Philippe Soupault collaborated to create "Littérature" in 1919. This piece presented a new form of writing called automatic writing, where an author writes spontaneously without censoring his or her thoughts. The three believed that Surrealism stressed the importance of ordinary and specific accounts, given their arrangement is looked at with imagination. Authors started to take notice of this new type of literature, and automatism and surrealism became increasingly popular.
Artworks and writings are the best features of surrealism, focusing on surprise, unexpected juxtapositions, and non-sequitur. Its emphasis is on positive expression, rather than the "anti-art that defined reason" before World War I. Surrealism is meant to create a surreality, combining the world of dream and fantasy with the world of rationality.
Franz Kafka was born on July 3, 1883 and was also the oldest out of four kids. He was also the only boy in their family, he had two younger brothers, but they died a year later. His parents were Herman and Julie Kafka. Their family was a middle class Jewish family, his father set up a dry good store and his mother came from a well family. He liked to write plays for his sisters to put on during their free time. Franz Kafka did well in a German high school in Prague. He also went on to receive a law degree in the year 1906. In 1901 he graduated from the Altstadter Gymnasium, and went on to Charles Ferdinand University, where at first he decided to study chemistry. He only majored in chemistry for about two weeks, until he switched to law. At school he met younger student named Max Brod, who was also a writer. He loved to swim, row, and hike during vacations. He usually wrote at night, due to his day job, he was unable to write during the day. He got his first job at the Assicurizioni Generali Insurance Company in 1907 but soon left, due to the lengthy hours and intolerable conditions. During the years 1904-1905 he wrote his first extant story, which was "Description of a Struggle". He has come to be one of the most influential writers of this century. His work has been recognized as a symbol of modern man's anxiety-ridden and deformed alienation in an unintelligible or indifferent world. None of Kafka's novels were printed during his lifetime and it was only with the doubts that he published a fraction of his shorter fiction. Max Brod convinced Kafka to publish some of his work, and in January 1913 Meditation, a collection of some early short stories and sketches, were published. In the meantime he was gathering information for his "American novel," which he began writing in 1912. Throughout his college days and throughout his adulthood, Franz was definitely not living the life of a monk. He had numerous affairs and one-night stands with barmaids, waitresses, and shopgirls. However, these relations with women were entirely sexual. They didn't mean anything to him beyond immediate sexual gratification. He died on June 3, 1924.
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka was born on July 3, 1883 in Prague.
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka's father, Hermann Kafka, was a shopkeeper. His family has been poor and he had hoped to find better work in Prague so he moved there. He was able to open his own store and married Julie Lowy, who came from a middle-class family. Hermann and Julie had three children: Franz (the oldest), Gabriele, and Valerie.
Franz had seen his father as an overpowering patriarch who wanted social advancement. Franz was sent to a prestigious German high school and later went to Charles Ferdinand University where he graduated with a doctorate law. He had worked in the Workers' Accident Insurance institution shortly after graduating college, but had to take permanent leave and retire due to the tuberculosis in his lungs spreading.
He was an active person who enjoyed hiking, swimming, and rowing. Throughout college and adulthood, Franz had many affairs and one-night stands. Unusually, Franz saw sex as revolting and compulsive. He found the idea of living normally married life with a woman being too much for him and saw sex as a punishment for living together. In his works, he associates sex with guilt.
Though unknown during his lifetime, Franz Kafka's friend, Max Brod published his works after his death on June 3, 1924 though he did not want them published. His works included Meditation, The Judgment, Metamorphosis, The Trial, The Castle, and Amerika. He became one of the most influential writers in the 20th century
Katie Lee
ReplyDeleteSurrealism
According to wordnetweb.princeton.edu, surrealism is defined as "a 20th-century movement of artists and writers who sought to release the creative potential of the human mind." Usually, one can easily recognize a piece of work as surreal with the juxtaposition of objects, or objects placed close to each other that give a contrasting effect. The Surrealism movement was an unintended welcomed idea. Developed from the Dada movement led by Tristan Tzara, surrealism was originally intended to attack society through the ugliness of art. Tzara's motivation was to destroy the bourgeoisie (middle class) through ugly art. However, the bourgeoisie welcomed this new idea of art so thoroughly that it became conventional art. Two artists are recognized for their surreal artworks: Dali and Picasso. Dali is a surrealist Spanish painter (1904-1989) who drew "Persistence of Memory", where the soft watches represent the relativity of space and time. Picasso is also a Spanish painter (1881-1973). His work often includes men and women interacting with each other. One of his famous paintings, "Guernica", is a black and white portrayal of the bombing of Basque town by German bombers. Surrealism has been very influential throughout the 20th century and is still recognized as fine artwork.
Surrealism is a cultural movement and artistic style, founded in the 1920’s by Andre Breton. This style uses visual imagery from the subconscious mind to create art without the intention of logical comprehensibility. The movement began in Europe and attracted many members of the Dada Community. The movement represented a reaction against what its members saw as the destruction by the "rationalism" that had guided European culture and politics in the past. The surrealist movement eventually spread across the globe, and has influenced artistic endeavors from paintings and sculptures to pop music and film directing. One of the greatest known surrealist artists is Salvador Dali.
ReplyDeleteKarl Marx, a philosopher who lived in the 19th Century described Jews as the creators of capitalism- thus the embodiment of evil. Many figures in the late 19th Century openly shared their distaste for the Jewish people: the German composer Richard Wagner critized Jewish composers, and even went on to claim that Jews in general were harmful and alien in German culture. In the early 20th Century, many Jews emigrated to America, the Jewish ancestry previously accounting for less than 1% of American citizens. This vast majority of non-Jews often times discriminated against Jewish people not only in the work force, but also in residential areas and even organizations. In 1915, a 31-year-old Jewish man by the name of Leo Frank was lynched in Marietta, Georgia, thus putting the spotlight on antisemitism in America. Outside of the US, however, was a different story. While serving his country during World War I, Adolf Hitler was wounded and placed into a military hospital. While still under the hospital's care, Hitler received word that Germany had surrendered and thus lost the war. Outraged, it was lying in his hospital bed that Hitler first conceived the idea of making his country great again- thus beginning the first seeds of what would become World War II, and the Holocaust of the Jewish people throughout Europe.
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka was a writer born in July 3, 1883. He was born into a Jewish middle-class family in Prague, Bohemia which is in Czechoslovakia. He attended the Charles-Ferdinand University of Prague where he studied chemistry and then switched to law. He joined a club in the university that organized literary events and readings. This was where Kafka started his interest in writing. He was hired at an Italian insurance company, resigned, then moved to the Worker's Accident Insurance Institute for the Kingdom of Bohemia. Maintaining his job there, Kafka still tried to focus on his writings as a side job. Some of his major works are “The Trial”, “The Castle”, “Amerika”, and “The Metamorphosis”, but he is best known for “The Trial” and “The Metamorphosis”. Most of Kafka’s published writings were written in German. Kafka’s writings became famous after he had passed away. He died in June 3 1924 from Tuberculosis.
ReplyDeleteSurrealism is a style of art and literature developed in the 20th century. It was first used in Paris in 1924 from the poet Andre Brenton. This type of art was created to the creative potential of the unconscious mind. Surrealists regard their works as an expression of the philosophical movement. This developed during World War 1 from the Dada movement. The Dada movement began in Switzerland during World War 1, focusing on anti-war politics and the meaninglessness of the modern world. Surrealism soon spread around the world affecting art, literature, music, film, social theory, politics, and philosophy.
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka was born to Herman and Julie Kafka on July 3, 1883 in Prague, Bohemia or modern day Czech Republic. He had 3 sisters, Elli, Valli, and Ottla. His parents also had sons, Franz's brothers but had died during infancy. Franz was born Jewish but had little cultural involvement with that community, instead he spoke mainly German because his middle class family had aspired to acceptane in the German mainstream. Both his parents held a major influene to his life. His father, Hermann was a very loud and dominating person while his mother Julie approached life in a calmer perspective. After completing primary studies, Franz went to study at Charles Ferdinand University with the degree of the Doctor of Law. In 1917, Kafka began to suffer from tuberculosis, shortly after his position as an insurance agent. In 1920 Franz grew a strong relationship with Czech journalist and writer, Milena Jesenska. In 1923, he moved to Berlin in order to concentrate on his writing where he had written a number of short novels and stories which were brought attention only after his death. However, Franz had suffered from severe starvation due to his deteriorating tuberculosis and died on June 3, 1924.
ReplyDeleteSurrealism is a style of art that arose during the 1920’s. Surrealism is an expression of art and literature that uses imagery and imagination. Surrealism defies realistic barriers and combines unrealistic fantasies with the rational world. Surrealism is often closely linked with abstract art because they have similar origins. Surrealism developed after the Dada Movement, which was an anti-art movement. The Dada Movement cultivated during World War I because its founders believed that society had led them to war. The founders did not believe the world deserved beautiful art, therefore, the Dada Movement tried to emphasize the ugliness of the world rather than the beauty. Surrealism developed after this movement expressing art in a more positive light. Some surrealist paintings are painted with familiar objects that have been changed or placed in unfamiliar locations. Surrealism has been referred to as creative actions taken to liberate one’s imagination.
ReplyDeleteSurrealism is both a cultural and artistic movement which included painters, sculptors, pop music singers, and film directors. It began in 1924 by a Frenchman named André Breton. The heart of Surrealism was in Paris and it then spread throughout Europe. Surrealism uses “visual imagery from the subconscious mind to create art without the intention of logical comprehensibility” (www.surrealism.org). In other words, Surrealistic artists created their work without deeply thinking about it and in ways that may not seem to make sense to a viewer. The Dada community was greatly intrigued by this new movement. Dada means “hobby horse” and it was another artistic movement that began in Zurich in 1916. The Dada members protested that the governments were trying to oppress and silence the creative and imaginative citizens. This movement spread throughout the world and even to Paris. The Dada movement helped start the Surrealism movement, too. Other influenced artists include Giorgio de Chirico, Man Ray, René Magritte, Max Ernst, Joan Miro, Yves Tanguy, and, the most known Surrealist artist, Salvador Dali.
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka, a Jewish Czech-born writer, is believed to be one of the most essential and influential writers of the 20th century. On July 3, 1883, he became the first born child of Hermann and Julie Kafka. The Kafka family was a middle class, German-speaking Jewish family who lived in Prague, Bohemia, which is now called Czech Republic. Kafka’s childhood was difficult as he tried to make amends with his grumpy father, Hermann Kafka. Franz’s mother, Julie Kafka, was born into a wealthy family and obtained a better education than her husband. Franz attended the Deutsche Knabenschule, a German elementary school for boys in Prague during 1889 to 1893. He was sent to German schools because it demonstrated his father’s desire for social advancement. In 1901, he graduated from the Altstädter Gymnasium and went to Charles Ferdinand University. There he studied chemistry but later switched to law. In June 18, 1906, Kafka received the degree of Doctor of Law. Eleven years later, he suffered from tuberculosis and in 1923, he moved to Berlin to concentrate on his writings. Today, Kafka’s major works include: The Trial, the Castle, Amerika, and The Metamorphosis. As his tuberculosis worsened, he returned to Prague and later died on June 3, 1924.
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka was a writer who was known as one of the most influential writers of his century. He was born on July 3, 1883 in Prague, Bohemia and was the first child of Hermann and Julie Kafka. Kafka first began seriously writing around the year 1898, however his early works were destroyed. After that Kafka went in search for a job that would be able to satisfy his needs. He was soon hired at the Assicurizioni Generali Insurance Company in 1907 but left due to intolerable working conditions and long work hours. The next job that he took was at the Workers' Accident Insurance Institute where he spent most of his life at. This job was not the best, but provided him with good working conditions and enough free time for him to think and write. Kafka wrote many novels during his lifetime, but the works that he is most famous for is "The Trial", and "The Metamorphosis".
ReplyDeleteFrank Kafka was a German author. He married Julie Lowy in September 1882, but there were many scenarious in which he cheated on his wife and had various significant others at one time. He attended German schools, which displayed his father's desire for social advancement. He was highly educated and later attended Charles Ferdinand University and studied Chemistry, he didn't hav an interest in this major, so he switched his major to law. He started to seriously write in bout 1898. His first existing novel in the present day is Description of a Struggle, dated from 1904-1905. He took job offers from the Assicurizioni Generali Insurance Company in 1907 and later at the Workers' Accident Insurance Institute, where he was put on "temporary retirement" with a pension in 1922. Kafka stressed out with balancing his profession and taking care of his Brother-in law's asbestos factory in 1917, he frequently contemplate suicide, but never attempted it. In 1911, he traveled to Paris, Italy, and Switzerland and he started to take an interest in Yiddish theater. This is more melodramatic, ethnic, unintentionally funny sitcom, such as a soap opera. Mad Broad, a good friend of Franz', convinced him to publish some of his writings. In January 1913, Meditation, a collection of some early short stories and sketches, was published. In 1912, he began writing and gathering information for his new work called "American Novel". In 1940, there was a scandal involving Franz and a women named Grete Bloch, who was a friend of Kafka's second upcoming spouse, Felice Bauer. It is not for certain the conclusion of this situation that was found, but many sources claim that it wasn't likely that this situation is true. A critic named Vladimir Nabokov, claimed Kafka s one of the best writers of the 20th century. The term "Kafkaesque" has become part of the English language from the great influence brought upon the literature world from Kafka.
ReplyDeleteBorn into a middle class family in Prague on July 3, 1883 was Franz Kafka. His Jewish family consisted of his mother Julie, father Hermann and his three sisters who survived. Franz Kafka attended a German grammar school called Volksschule am Fleischmarkt, and then the German Gymnasium. He retrieved his Doctorate of Law and he studied at the German Language University. Kafka worked for an insurance agency which gave him good pay. He would stay up countless nights to work on his writings. Kafka writes indirectly about his relationship with his father in some of his pieces of how they have an awkward relationship and how his father was very demanding.
ReplyDeleteDuring his life he had many lovers and girlfriends but in the end, he proposed to a woman named Dora Diamant but her father was not too fond of the idea and said “no”. Although he denied the marriage, Dora and Franz still considered themselves a married couple.
Kafka only published a few of his stories thanks to his friend Max Brod. During the end of his life, Kafka found out that he got tuberculosis and then got sent to the hospital from receiving the flu. Kafka died in 1924 due to the disease of tuberculosis. This man was known as one of the most important and influential writers of the 20th century.
Surrealism is used to make a subject become more realistic. Originated in the 20th century Europe, this form of art and literature was founded by André Breton in his book Manifesto of Surrealism. André Breton, being a poet, linked poets and artists with surrealism. Surrealism is similar to Dadaism because it comes from the Dada movement. Surrealism is very similar because André Breton looked into the works of Sigmund Freud to find out how to make poetry more vivid imagery. Surrealism was by poets and artists to see the imagery and be more in-depth with their piece. It was used to have a deeper meaning of the piece that the public can see. Surrealism is also a root of automatic writing or automatism.
ReplyDeleteExistentialism is a philosophy or theory that emphasizes that the existence of an individual can determine their own development through acts of free will as a free and responsible agent, as stated in the Merriam-Webster dictionary. The term itself seems to have been created by Gabriel Marcel, a French philosopher, at around the mid 1940's, and was first used by Jean-Paul Sartre on October 29, 1945 in a lecture in Paris. In the philosophy, the existence, and mainly, human existence, is a key topic. One very famous existentialist philosopher, often called the father of existentialism, is Søren Kierkegaard. He, along with Friedrich Nietzsche are considered fundamentalists of the philosophy. They focused mainly on the subjective human experience, and were interested in what is described as humanity's quiet struggle with the apparent meaningless and irrelevancy of life. They also believed in the role of making free choices, as well as how such choices can change the chooser's personality and identity. Two very famous literary existentialist authors are the Czech Franz Kafka and the Russian Fyodor Dostoyevsky, along with their works, such as The Metamorphosis and Notes from Underground. Together, these four people were the forerunners of existentialism in the 19th century.
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ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka was born on July 3, 1883 in Prague, Czech Republic. His family was middle-class and Jewish. Franz Kafka was the son of Julie Lowy and Hermann Kafka. His two brothers died in infancy, so he became the oldest child. Franz Kafka also had three sisters, Gabriele, Valerie, and Ottile. The three of them later died in concentration camps. He was a timid and obedient child and attended a high school called Altstdter Staatsgymnasium. This high school was for the academic elite. He respected his teachers and was well liked. However, he rebelled against the authoritarian institution and dehumanized humanistic curriculum. When he became an adolescent, he declared himself a socialist and an atheist. Franz Kafka received his doctorate in 1906, studying law at the University of Prague. In 1907, he started to work at an insurance company. In 1908, he found a job in Prague at the Workers’ Accident Insurance Institute for the Kingdom of Bohemia. He remained there until 1917 when he attained Tuberculosis. . In 1923, Franz Kafka moved to Berlin to pursue writing. Some of his works include Metamorphosis, The castle, and Amerika. He died on June 3, 1924.
ReplyDeleteDuring World Wars I and II, a new and unique way of thinking - surrealism - emerged as a counter movement against the Dadas - a group that rejected established institutions and authority and was strongly anti-art. Surrealists' goal was to be able to express themselves in a positive manner in the midst of the difficulties of the time, though some groups claimed to be inspired by a spirit of anarchy. Whether in art work, theater, or writing, surrealism appeared in the form of non-sequitir logic or bizarre twists that compared and contrasted unlike subjects. Surrealists took every day items out of their usual place and re-interpreted them in order to surprise the viewer or reader of their works and stir up emotion. Surrealism bonded reality with fantasy in this way in an attempt to create an "absolute reality, a surreality" (Webmuseum.com). In the 1920s, many Surrealists would meet to discuss their ideas and also simply to create together - sketching in groups or developing new art techniques. This group of open-minded thinkers was strongly disliked by many women, however, who believed that Surrealism was a sexist movement and that the attitudes that many men took towards women in their Surrealist works were outdated and offensive.
ReplyDeleteExistentialism is a philosophy or idea that emphasizes that the existence of an individual can determine his or her own development through acts of free will. The idea came out when society was in a deep sense of despair after the Great Depression. Jean-Paul Sartre first brought attention to the philosophy and was a great supporter of it. Søren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche were the first to come up with the philosophy. Kierkegaard believed that a person should not follow God because they lose them selves when doing so. The one that follows God and keeps them self is a singularity and is a paradox. They get to make something of them self with out the help of God. Nietzsche believed that there was a dead God because the most of the people would not actually follow the religion. He believed that a person that has their own will to create a future out of some thing that does not seem to bright. Two famous literary existentialist authors are the Czech Franz Kafka and the Russian Fyodor Dostoyevsky, with their writings, such as The Metamorphosis and Notes from Underground.
ReplyDeleteSurrealism is an artistic style that began in Paris around the early 20th century. According to the site surrealism.org it is a style that uses visual imagery from the subconscious mind to create art without the intention of logical comprehensibility. I interpret this to mean it is art without the boundaries of logic. Surrealism is used in writing, music, and visual art as well as philosophy. As artists and philosophers developed this style they wanted it to show that anything ordinarily depicted is important, but the sense of their arrangement must be open to the full range of imagination. Surrealism is much about accepting eccentric and peculiar ideas. This is a form of expression that offers opportunities to freely experiment. One can combine elements not usually seen together, or create a whole new reality.
ReplyDeleteSurrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early 1920s. An artistic style was formed during this period of time which involved the imagery of the subconscious. This style of art had means of combining the unconscious realm with the realistic, conscious world to create an ultimate surreality. Surrealism was founded by Andre Breton during the 20th century, and the movement was centered in Paris, France. It developed from the early Dada movement; people concerned with this movement denounced war. The Dada community created “anti-art,” which went against the beauty of traditional art. Though Surrealism had origins in Dada, surrealist artwork had a more positive and artistic outlook, unlike the negative and violent anti-art of Data.
ReplyDeleteFranz Kafka, a Jewish Czech-born writer, was born on July 3, 1883. He is known as one of the most important and influential writers of the 20th century. His parents were Hermann and Julie Kafka, and he was their first and eldest child. At the age of 18 he moved to Prague to try to improve his situation. By opening his own store he succeeded his goal and won Julie Lowy. They got married on September 3, 1882. Franz attended German schools, eventually graduating from Alstadter Gymnasium in 1901. He took many different classes such a Latin, Greek, and history. He then attended Charles Ferdinand University and graduated in 1906 with a doctorate in law. Franz tried to write seriously since 1898, and later began writing even more seriously. His first story was Description of a Struggle. Working at the Assicurizioni Generali Insurance Company in 1907 was his first job, but he left because of long hours and unbearable conditions. In 1908, he began working at the Worker’s Accident Insurance Institute. He worked there for majority of his life before being put on “temporary retirement” in June 1922. His father wanted him to run his bother-in-law Karl Hermann’s asbestos factory in 1911. He worked there until 1917, when it got shut down, and almost drove him to suicide. He was eventually diagnosed with tuberculosis, and died on June 3, 1924. Some of his work include “The Judgment” and “The Stoker” both appearing in 1913 and “The Metamorphosis” in 1915.
ReplyDeleteBorn on July 3, 1883 into a middle-class, German-speaking Jewish family, Franz Kafka was the eldest of 6 children. Growing up in Prague, Bohemia (now the Czech Republic), Kafka was greatly influenced by his father, Hermann Kafka who had been described as a “tempered domestic tyrant.” His father also disapproved his son’s escape into literature. His mother, Julie was the daughter of a prosperous brewer and was also better educated than her husband.
ReplyDeleteFranz attended the Deutsche Knabenschule, an all boys school in Prague. His father send him to German schools, not Czech, demonstrating his father’s desire for social advancement. Kafka had little Jewish upbringing throughout his childhood. In 1901, he graduated from the Alstadter Gymnasium and did well but taking language and history classes. He later went to student at Charles Ferdinand University and obtained a degree of Doctor of law. At University, he met a student named Max Brod, who would become a close friend to Kafka throughout his life.
After several jobs with harsh working conditions which made it hard for him to concentrate on his writing, Kafka resigned and later met his friend Max Brod in Berlin. Kafka also developed relationships with several women including Felice Bauer and Dora Diamant, whom would alter influence his interest in the Talmud- a book of Jewish law.
His health steadily declined and he suffered from clinical depression and social anxiety. Kafka, who had developed tuberculosis, returned to Prague. Kafka died on June 3, 1924. However, Kafka died with many of his writings behind. Today, he is known as one of the most influential writers of the 20th century.
The topic I picked was Franz Kafka. Franz Kafka was born in Prague, now in the Czech Republic but then part of Austria. His father was Hermann Kafka, an owner of a large dry goods establishment, and mother Julie (Löwy) Kafka, who belonged to one of the leading families in the German-speaking, German-cultured Jewish circles of Prague. Hermann Kafka was a domestic tyrant, who directed his anger against his son. Kafka also had three sisters, all of whom perished in Nazi camps. Born on July 3,1883 to Hermann and Julie Kafka. His family was poor and at the age of 18 he moved to Prague in hopes of bettering his situation. When there he succeeded and opened his store and met Julie Lowy.
ReplyDeleteHis father wanted social advancement so sent his son to German schools. Kafka has been speaking Czech as a child, but learned German. His religious upbringing was limited mostly to that and going to the synagogue four times a year with his father. Kafka was educated at the German National and Civic Elementary School and the German National Humanistic Gymnasium. In 1901 he entered Ferdinand-Karls University, where he studied law and received a doctorate in 1906. Until his retirement Kafka worked at the insurance business (1907-23), first at an administrative position in a Prague branch of an Italian insurance company and then at the Workmen's Accident Insurance Institute of Prague. During his life Kafka had many girlfriends, many affairs, and a number of broken engagements. After his break ups with his girlfriends he wrote his novels Der Prozess (The Trial) and The Castle.
Kafka retired in 1922 on a pension. The next year he met a twenty-five old woman from an Orthodox Jewish family who worked in the kitchen of a holiday camp. As a Jew Kafka was isolated from the German community in Prague, but his friend and biography Max Brod did his best to promote Kafkas career as a writer. The last two and half years of his life he finished some of his best works and before his death he requested that all his manuscripts be destroyed. But Max Brod, who published the unfinished novels The Trials, The Castles, and America, which are classics of modern fiction, disregarded this.
Franz Kafka is said to be one of the most influential writers of the 20th century. The firstborn to Hermann and Julie Kafka, Franz Kafka was born on July 3, 1883 in Prague, Czech Republic. His family was middle-class; his father owned a dry goods store and his mother came from a prosperous family. Kafka had two brothers who soon died after their birth and three sisters who lived. His parents sent him to German schools and he was able to speak German fluently. In addition to German, he spoke Czech and excelled in Greek and Latin courses. He graduated college in June 1906 with a doctorate in law. Soon after, he found his first job at Assicurizioni Generali Insurance Company but left due to the long hours and horrible conditions. He found another job at the Workers' Accident Insurance Institute and worked there for most of his life. There, he had short hours, which gave him more time to write. Throughout his lifetime, Kafka had numerous affairs and thought the idea of being married was impossible. He was engaged many times but always broke it off right before the wedding. His health started to fail in 1917 and continued to do so until his death on June 3, 1924. Kafka’s notable works included The Trial, The Metamorphosis, and The Castle. Also, most of his writings were published posthumously.
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ReplyDeleteSurrealism was first introduced in 1924 by a poet named André Breton through his publication of the "Manifesto of Surrealism." It is a cultural and artistic movement that uses images from the subconscious mind to create irregular works of art that is not intended to be comprehended logically. Originating from Dadaism and the Dada movement, surrealism sought to go against the normal means of traditional artwork. Unlike Dadaism and its “anti-art” movement, surrealism was used to express art in a more positive light. Surrealism strayed away from rationalism and sought to be irrational. This style of art can be described as “automatic drawing and writing” (Wisegeek.com). Instead of planning what to draw beforehand, a surrealist would hold a pencil, clear all thoughts and let the pencil take its course. They would unconsciously draw something without thinking about what they are drawing. Many surrealists believe that the greatest works of art comes from our subconscious mind when we are not thinking about what to draw. Through surrealism, our conscious and subconscious experiences are combined. Our dreams and fantasy are combined with the everyday world, creating a surreality. A notable surrealist artist that has greatly contributed to the Surrealistic movement is Salvador Dali.
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ReplyDeleteExistentialism
Existentialism is philosophy which emphasize on an individual's existence and how individuals view themselves living in this world. This philosophy is about finding the meaning of life through: choice, personal responsibility, and free will. Some of the great Existentialist writers are: Jean-Paul Sartre (published the essay: Existentialism is a Humanism), Søren Kierkegaard, Gabriel Marcel, and Simone de Beauvoir.
The Existentialism movement flourished during the two decades that followed World War II. This is probably because after the war there was great chaos, so many were looking for answers about themselves, their actions, and their place in the world.
Franz Kafka was born into a middle class family on July 3, 1883. He attended teh Deutsche Knabenschule, an all boys elementary school in Prague. His Jewish upbringing was not very serious as he only went to the synagogue a few times a year. In 1901 he graduated from the Altstadter Gymnasium, which was a secondary school. He was a good student. After he went to Charles Ferdinand University, where he studied law. On June 18, 1906 he received his doctors degree in law. He also served an unpaid year as a law clerk for the civil and criminal courts. Kafka started working in an Italian insurance company. And soon after worked with the Worker's Accident Insurance Institute for the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1917 he was diagnosed with tuberculosis. He moved to Berlin to try and concentrate on his writing. He got to know Dora Diamant, and she became his lover. She influenced his interest in the Talmud or the book of Jewish law. It is said that Kafka suffered from depression, social anxiety, migraines, insomnia, constipation, boils and other ailments. When his tuberculosis worsened he returned to Prague, where he later died.
ReplyDeleteSurrealism is a literary and artistic movement that began after the end of the First World War. Because of the downfall managed by the rationalism that had directed European politics and culture and that had created the revulsion of World War I, surrealism was used as an effective movement against it. Most surrealists stressed on positive expression. The most common style of surrealism focuses on dreams and fantasies, also known as the psychological states. Andre Breton was the main spokesman of the movement. In 1924, He published “The Surrealist Manifesto” and stated “Surrealism was a means of reuniting conscious and unconscious realms of experience so completely that the world of dream and fantasy would be joined to the everyday ration world.”
ReplyDeleteSurrealism was liable for conserving the traditional emphasis on content in modern paintings. Jean Arp, Max Ernst, Andre Massion, Rene Magritte, Yves Tanguy, Salvador Dali, and Pierre Roy were some of the primary Surrealist painters. Surrealism grew out of the Dada movement.
Surrealism is by definition a style of art and literature that was developed in the 20th century. The origin of surrealism is “beyond realism” in 1917 by Guillaume Apollinaire but was taken over by Andre Breton in the early 1920’s. This style of art is basically the combination of the unconscious realm mixed with the realistic world. It came after the Dada movement, which was an anti-art movement. The difference of these two movements is that surrealism is going towards art in a positive way and Dadaism went against traditional artwork.
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